Which of the four major categories of quality costs is particularly hard to quantify? A) prevention costs B) appraisal costs C) internal failure costs D) external failure costs E) None is hard to quantify. Products are designed and manufactured according to predetermined specifications. Quality control techniques help to detect deviations from the specification. A) Self-promotion is not a substitute for quality products. B) Inferior products harm a firm’s profitability and a nation’s balance of payments.

Arnold Palmer Hospital uses which of the following quality management techniques? A) Pareto charts B) flowcharts C) benchmarking D) just-in-time E) The hospital uses all of the above techniques. The quality loss function indicates that costs related to poor quality are low as long as the product is within acceptable specification limits. Perfection- another way to phrase this is to have process consistency. This definition focuses on the importance of well defined specifications and transforms the ‘traditional’ idea of quality into something than can be achieved by all. Quality is one which confirms exactly to specification and whose output is free of defects at all times.

In this article, the author reviews and synthesizes the varying definitions of product quality arising from philosophy, economics, marketing, and operations management. He then goes on to build an eight­-dimensional framework to elaborate on these definitions. Using this framework, he addresses the empirical relationships between quality and variables such as price, advertising, market share, cost, and profitability. According to this approach, the title ‘quality’ should only be attributed to those products and services that achieve the highest standards. Unlike the Greeks in ancient times philosophizing over the concept of quality, practitioners in the world of business seek something much more practical. For them quality should be capable of implementation, delivery and measurement.

(Solved): Operation Mid MCQs 1. “Making it right the first time” A. A product-based definition of quality B. …

The reason is that expectations can also be highly varied, and personal, which can be problematic. Furthermore, customers may not be in a position to articulate their expectations due to a lack of knowledge and understanding. The emphasis in the product-based approach is on quality as a precise and measurable variable. Any differences that do occur reflect differences in the quantity of some ingredient or attribute possessed by a product.

• Gantt charts give a timeline and precedence relationships for each activity of a project D.
• E) The design of patient rooms, even wall colors, reflects the hospital’s culture of quality.
• In the simplest terms, quality is the capacity of a product or service to satisfy human wants.
• The emphasis in the product-based approach is on quality as a precise and measurable variable.
• A) Pareto charts B) flowcharts C) benchmarking D) just-in-time E) The hospital uses all of the above techniques.
• Gantt charts are visual devices that show the duration of activities in a project.

Transformation is not restricted to apparent or physical transformation but also includes cognitive transcendence. Pareto charts are a graphical way of identifying the few critical items from the many less important ones. One of the ways that just-in-time influences quality is that by reducing inventory, bad quality is exposed.

The Product-based Approach

This approach leads to a vertical or hierarchical ordering of quality. Products are raised according to the amount of ingredients or attributes that each possesses. However, an unambiguous ranking is possible only if the ingredients/attributes in question are considered preferable by all buyers. Quality has been the subject of many and varied definitions. Each definition has both strengths and weaknesses in relation to criteria such as measurement and generalizability, managerial usefulness and consumer relevance.

As human wants are complex and may not be satisfied in a specific way, each user of the product or service makes their own assessment of what quality means to them. “Making it right the first time” is the focus of the user-based definition of quality. E) All of the above are techniques for employee empowerment.

What Is Your Definition of Quality?

According to this view, the buyer’s perception of value represents a mental trade-off between the quality or benefits perceived relative to price paid. The user-based approach focuses exclusively on the customer in the determination of quality. The strength of this approach is that it allows the customer the say in defining quality. However, this strength may also be viewed as a weakness.

Which of the following statements regarding “Six Sigma” is TRUE? A) The term has two distinct meanings-one is statistical; the other is a comprehensive quality system. B) Six Sigma means that about 94 percent of a firm’s output is free of defects. definition of user-based quality C) The Six Sigma program was developed by Toyota in the 1970s. D) The Six Sigma program is for manufacturing firms and is not applicable to services. E) Six Sigma certification is granted by the International Standards Organization .

I will ask my customers, what is important to them, and act accordingly. In the case of services, the https://globalcloudteam.com/ measuring of quality may be more difficult. Quality can improve profitability by reducing costs.

OM CH 6: Managing Quality

Consumers have specific wants or needs and those products that best meet their preferences are those that they view as having the highest quality. Source inspection is inferior to inspection before costly operations. Quality circles empower employees to improve productivity by finding solutions to work-related problems in their work area.

We will investigate each of the five definitions of product quality in the following. There are different definitions of product quality. As you may realize in the following, quality has many facets and is more complex than it seems. In the simplest terms, quality is the capacity of a product or service to satisfy human wants.

The Manufacturing-based Approach

Which of the following is not an aspect of reduced costs by quality improvements? A) flexible pricing B) increased productivity C) lower rework and scrap costs D) lower warranty costs E) All of the above are aspects of reduced costs by quality improvements. Companies with the highest levels of quality are how many times more productive than their competitors with the lowest quality levels?

“Quality is defined by the customer” is

It is a holistic concept that has two ideas, i.e. quality is ‘consistency’ and quality is ‘fitness for purpose’. These two ideas are brought together to create quality as perfection with the context of quality culture. Transformative- the transformative view of quality is rooted in the notion of ‘qualitative change’, a fundamental change of form.

Which of the following statements regarding Gantt charts is true? Gantt charts are visual devices that show the duration of activities in a project. Gantt charts are network devices used for scheduling projects C. Gantt charts give a timeline and precedence relationships for each activity of a project D. Gantt charts use the four standard spines of Methods, Materials, Manpower, and Machinery.

A product or service that does not fulfill user needs is unlikely to find any users. This is a context dependent, contingent approach to quality since different business characteristics require different qualities of a product. Quality is mostly the business of the quality control staff, not ordinary employees. In contrast to quality as absolute, the value-based approach regards quality as relative to price.

Kaizen is similar to TQM in that both are focused on continuous improvement. Continuous improvement is based on the philosophy that any aspect of an operation can be improved. This issue offers insight on organizing project teams, fostering collaboration in hybrid work arrangements, and supporting employees through periods of high uncertainty. Buyers, in effect, use price as an index of quality as well as an index of the sacrifice that is made in purchasing it. Of course, price does not always reflect quality.

What Does “Product Quality” Really Mean?

An improvement in quality must necessarily increase costs. A) material, machinery/equipment, manpower, and methods. Quality is a philosophy with various dimensions and can be summed up as ‘doing things properly’ for competitiveness and profitability.

Benchmarking requires the comparison of your firm to other organizations; it is not appropriate to benchmark by comparing one of your divisions to another of your divisions. Deming’s writings on quality tend to focus on the customer and on fitness for use, unlike Juran’s work that is oriented toward meeting specifications. D) if there is no other pattern in the samples, the process is in control.

Of the several determinants of service quality, access is the one that relates to keeping customers informed in language they can understand. Conforming to standards is the focus of the product-based definition of quality. The definition of quality adopted by The American Society for Quality is a customer-oriented (i.e., user based) definition. A view of quality, wherein quality is the capacity to satisfy needs, wants and desires of the user.